European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry
European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry
5 years ago

Photophysical, Cellular-Uptake, and Bioimaging Studies of Luminescent Ruthenium(II)–Polypyridine Complexes Containing a d-Fructose Pendant

Photophysical, Cellular-Uptake, and Bioimaging Studies of Luminescent Ruthenium(II)–Polypyridine Complexes Containing a d-Fructose Pendant
Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo, Vellaisamy A. L. Roy, Chris Tsan-Shing Lau, Kenneth Yin Zhang, Christina Chan
Two luminescent ruthenium(II)–polypyridine complexes, appended with a d-fructose unit, [Ru(N^N)2(bpy-fructose)](PF6)2 [bpy-fructose = 4-(1-deoxy-d-fructos-1-yl)aminocarbonyl-4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridine; N^N = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Ph2-phen) (1a) and 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) (2a)] and their d-fructose-free counterparts [Ru(N^N)2(bpy-Et)](PF6)2 [bpy-Et = 4-(ethylaminocarbonyl)-4′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridine; N^N = Ph2-phen (1b) and bpy (2b)] are synthesized and characterized. The photophysical properties, lipophilicity, cytotoxicity, and cellular uptake of the complexes are studied. Laser-scanning confocal microscopy reveals that both complexes 1a and 1b display intense membrane staining toward human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells. However, while complex 1a retains its membrane-staining characteristic when incubated with human cervical epithelioid carcinoma (HeLa) cells, complex 1b is localized in the mitochondria. Additionally, fructose-dependent cellular-uptake experiments suggest that complex 1a is transported into MCF-7 cells through a glucose transporter (GLUT) mediated pathway.Modification of luminescent ruthenium(II)–polypyridine complexes with a hydrophilic d-fructose pendant affords a new complex that selectively stains the membrane of live MCF-7 and HeLa cells.

Publisher URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi

DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201701038

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