International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics
4 years ago

Highly active antiretroviral therapy and cervical cytologic abnormalities among women with HIV infection in a limited-resource setting

Joseph O Ugboaja, Onyecherelam M Ogelle, Charlotte Blanche Oguejiofor
Objective To examine the relationship between highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and cervical cytologic abnormalities among women with HIV infection. Methods A cross-sectional prospective study was undertaken of 110 women attending an HIV clinic in Nnewi, Nigeria, between January 2016 and January 2017. A cervical smear was obtained. A bivariate analysis was undertaken, and multiple logistic regression models were used to identify factors independently associated with cervical cytologic analysis. Results Cervical cytologic abnormalities were identified in 31 (28.2%) participants. On bivariate analysis, use of HAART for 2–5 years was associated with a reduction in the risk of cervical cytologic abnormalities (P=0.033), and this risk was further reduced when HAART was taken for more than 5 years (P<0.001). Other factors that significantly reduced risk of cervical cytologic abnormalities included a CD4 count of 300 cells per mL or more (P<0.001), age 30 years or older (P<0.001), and time since HIV diagnosis of more than 5 years (P=0.021). On multivariate analysis, risk of cervical cytologic abnormalities among the women were significantly reduced by use of HAART for more than 5 years (P=0.032) and CD4 count of 300 cells per mL or more (P<0.001). Conclusion Long-term use of HAART and CD4 count of 300 cells per mL or more were associated with a reduced risk of cervical cytologic abnormalities. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Publisher URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi

DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.12369

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