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Microstructure Design of Lightweight, Flexible, and High Electromagnetic Shielding Porous Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composites

Microstructure Design of Lightweight, Flexible, and High Electromagnetic Shielding Porous Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Polymer Composites
Mingji Chen, Hao Jin, Zhong Zhang, Xiao Xue, Licheng Zhou, Weiwei Li, Zhihui Zeng
Multiwalled carbon nanotube/polymer composites with aligned and isotropic micropores are constructed by a facile ice-templated freeze-drying method in a wide density range, with controllable types and contents of the nanoscale building blocks, in order to tune the shielding performance together with the considerable mechanical and electrical properties. Under the mutual promotion of the frame and porous structure, the lightweight high-performance shielding is achieved: a 2.3 mm thick sample can reach 46.7 and 21.7 dB in the microwave X-band while the density is merely 32.3 and 9.0 mg cm−3, respectively. The lowest density corresponds to a value of shielding effectiveness divided by both the density and thickness up to 104 dB cm2 g−1, far beyond the conductive polymer composites with other fillers ever reported. The shielding mechanism of the flexible porous materials is further demonstrated by an in situ compression experiment. In porous multiwalled carbon nanotube/polymer composites, the interior multiple reflections at the cell-wall surfaces and the nanofiller–matrix interfaces, accompanied by the absorptions in the skeletal solid portion of the porous material, dominate the mechanism of the electromagnetic shielding, as compared with the reflection-dominated metals. Herein, the design and tuning of the porous microstructures and the composite interfaces are presented.

Publisher URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi

DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701388

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