Toxicological Sciences
Toxicological Sciences
5 years ago

Multi-scale mathematical model of drug-induced proximal tubule injury: Linking urinary biomarkers to epithelial cell injury and renal dysfunction.

Gabriel Helmlinger, Jerome Mettetal, K Melissa Hallow, Yeshitila Gebremichael, Harish Shankaran, James Lu
Drug-induced nephrotoxicity is a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), and thus detecting the potential for nephrotoxicity early in the drug development process is critical. Various urinary biomarkers exhibit different patterns following drug-induced injury that may provide greater information than traditional biomarkers like serum creatinine. In this study, we developed a multi-scale quantitative systems pharmacology model relating drug exposure to proximal tubule (PT) epithelial cell injury, and subsequently to expression of multiple urinary biomarkers and organ-level functional changes. We utilized urinary Kim-1, αGST, albumin, glucose, and urine volume time profiles as well as serum creatinine and histopathology data obtained from rats treated with the nephrotoxicant cisplatin to develop the model. While the model was developed using single-dose response to cisplatin, the model predicted the serum creatinine response to multi-dose cisplatin regimens. Further, using only the urinary Kim-1 response to gentamicin (a nephrotoxicant with a distinctly different injury timecourse than cisplatin), the model detected and predicted mild to moderate PT injury, as confirmed with histopathology, even when serum creatinine was unchanged. Thus, the model is generalizable, and can be used to deconvolute the underlying degree and time course of drug-induced PT injury and renal dysfunction from a small number of urinary biomarkers, and may provide a tool to determine optimal dosing regimens that minimizing renal injury.

Publisher URL: http://doi.org/10.1093/toxsci/kfx239

DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx239

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