Plant Physiology
Plant Physiology
5 years ago

Glutathione transferase U13 functions in pathogen-triggered glucosinolate metabolism.

Danuta Ciesiołka, Yoshitaka Takano, Mariola Piślewska-Bednarek, Kei Hiruma, Paul Schulze-Lefert, Suthitar Singkaravanit-Ogawa, Andrea Sánchez-Vallet, Ryohei Thomas Nakano, Marta Pastorczyk, Paweł Bednarek, Antonio Molina
Glutathione (GSH) and indole glucosinolates (IGs) exert key functions in the immune system of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Appropriate GSH levels are important for execution of both pre- and post-invasive disease resistance mechanisms to invasive pathogens, while an intact PENETRATION2 (PEN2)-pathway for IG-metabolism is essential for pre-invasive resistance in this species. Earlier indirect evidence suggested that the latter pathway involves conjugation of GSH with unstable products of IG metabolism and further processing of the resulting adducts to biologically active molecules. Here we describe the identification of Glutahione-S-Transferase class-tau member 13 (GSTU13) as an indispensable component of the PEN2 immune pathway for IG metabolism. gstu13 mutant plants are defective in the pathogen-triggered biosynthesis of end products of the PEN2 pathway, including 4-O-β-D-glucosyl-indol-3-yl formamide, indole-3-ylmethyl amine and raphanusamic acid. In line with this metabolic defect, lack of functional GSTU13 results in enhanced disease susceptibility towards several fungal pathogens including Erysiphe pisi, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Plectosphaerella cucumerina. Seedlings of gstu13 plants fail also to deposit the (1,3)-β-glucan cell wall polymer, callose, after recognition of the bacterial flg22 epitope. We show that GSTU13 mediates specifically the role of GSH in IG-metabolism without noticeable impact on other immune functions of this tripeptide. We postulate that GSTU13 connects GSH with the pathogen-triggered PEN2 pathway for IG metabolism to deliver metabolites that may have numerous functions in the innate immune system of A. thaliana.

Publisher URL: http://doi.org/10.1104/pp.17.01455

DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01455

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