Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
4 years ago

Clinical and pharmacokinetic factors associated with adalimumab-induced mucosal healing in patients with Crohn’s disease

We previously reported results from a prospective randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of adalimumab monotherapy vs combination with azathioprine for patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) who were naïve to biologics and thiopurines. We performed a sub-analysis of data from this study to evaluate factors associated with endoscopic response and mucosal healing in study participants. Methods We compared simple endoscopic scores for CD (SES-CD) in between patients with moderate to severe active CD randomly assigned groups that received adalimumab monotherapy (n=85) or adalimumab in combination with azathioprine (n=91), from June 2011 to June 2014 in Japan. We evaluated associations SES-CD with clinical factors and trough levels of adalimumab. Ultimately, 135 patients at week 26 and 139 patients at week 52 from 44 referral sites were analyzed for the present investigation. Results The odds for endoscopic response was significantly higher in the combination group than in the monotherapy group at week 26 (odds ratio [OR], 2.12; 95% CI 1.04–4.32) but not at week 52 (OR,1.50; 95% CI, 0.77–2.94). The odds of mucosal healing did not differ significantly between groups at weeks 26 or 52. SES-CD at week 0 was significantly associated with mucosal healing at week 26 (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.72–0.90) and at week 52 (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.84–0.99). Higher adalimumab trough level at week 26 associated with mucosal healing at week 52 (OR, 1.34; 95% CI 1.14–1.58; P for trend=.001) and was significantly higher in patients with endoscopic response than in patients without endoscopic response at week 26 and 52 (P<.001). Conclusion In a post-hoc analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial of patients with moderate to severe CD, we found that adalimumab in combination with azathioprine increase trough levels of adalimumab. Higher trough levels of adalimumab associated with endoscopic response and mucosal healing at weeks 26 and 52. UMIN registration no: 000005146

Teaser

Concomitant azathioprine has marginal effects on endoscopic response in patients with Crohn’s disease treated with adalimumab. Adalimumab trough level was associated with endoscopic response and mucosal healing in these patients.

Publisher URL: www.sciencedirect.com/science

DOI: S1542356517313034

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