Advanced Energy Materials
Advanced Energy Materials
5 years ago

π-Conjugated Donor Polymers: Structure Formation and Morphology in Solution, Bulk and Photovoltaic Blends

π-Conjugated Donor Polymers: Structure Formation and Morphology in Solution, Bulk and Photovoltaic Blends
Richard Hildner, Mukundan Thelakkat, Fabian Panzer, Anna Köhler, Peter Müller-Buschbaum
The field of conjugated polymers has expanded in the last years considerably and impressive performance, both in field effect transistors and photovoltaic devices has been achieved. After the initial emphasis on improving the performance, more emphasis is recently given to fundamental studies on structure formation. Therefore, this review concentrates on systematic correlation studies of structure formation in solution, in bulk and thin films as well as in photovoltaic blends of donor-type π-conjugated polymers. The main focus is on the correlation of structure, morphology and molecular chain orientation as a function of macromolecular properties such as molecular weight, dispersity, non-covalent intramolecular and intermolecular interactions, solvent interactions and innovative processing techniques. The tools applied for elucidating fundamental information of structure formation and orientation mainly consist of optical spectroscopy and scattering techniques (SAXS/WAXS/GIWAXS). Since the field of conjugated polymers is very vast in terms of chemical structural diversity, only selected examples of donor polymers are covered here and the emerging class of n-type conjugated polymers are not included. The focus is not on the structural variation or their performance in solar cells or transistors in terms of record efficiencies, but on the systematic studies leading to a structure-property correlation in donor polymers. A systematic correlation of structure formation of donor-type π-conjugated polymers in solution using optical spectroscopy and in bulk or thin films as well as in photovoltaic blends using scattering techniques (SAXS, WAXS, GIWAXS) is given. The main focus is on the correlation of structures, morphology and molecular chain orientation as a function of molecular weight, dispersity, intramolecular and intermolecular interactions and innovative processing techniques.

Publisher URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi

DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201700314

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