Effect of Enhanced Accessibility of Acid Sites in Micromesoporous Mordenite Zeolites on Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane

5 years ago

Effect of Enhanced Accessibility of Acid Sites in Micromesoporous Mordenite Zeolites on Hydroisomerization of n-Hexane

Radim Pilar, Dalibor Kaucky, Petr Klein, Edyta Tabor, Stepan Sklenak, Jaroslava Moravkova, Jana Pastvova, Jiri Rathousky, Petr Sazama, Ivo Jakubec, Libor Brabec, Maryna Vorokhta

This paper describes a study of the nature and the accessibility of the acid sites in micromesoporous mordenite zeolites obtained by desilication and dealumination and analysis of their activity and selectivity in the hydroisomerization of n-hexane. Alkaline–acid, acid–alkaline–acid, and fluorination–alkaline–acid postsynthesis treatments were employed for the preparation of micromesoporous mordenites. The FTIR spectra of adsorbed d₃-acetonitrille, ²⁷Al MAS NMR, HR-TEM, and N₂ adsorption were used for quantitative analysis of the Brønsted and Lewis sites, the coordination of Al atoms, and the textural properties. The alkaline treatment causes desilication, preferably occurring along the crystal defects and resulting in the formation of a secondary mesoporous structure characterized by 5–20 nm cavities and the formation of extraframework (Al_Ex) species and terminal Si–OH groups. The Al_Ex species formed by hydrolysis of perturbed or dislodged framework Al easily restrict part of the pseudomonodimensional channel structure of mordenite. The subsequent removal of Al_Ex by mild acid leaching or simultaneous removal of Si and Al atoms by desilication of fluorinated zeolite result in a micromesoporous structure with a large number of unrestricted channel openings and lead to a large increase in the accessibility of OH groups for n-hexane. Thus, the sequential leaching treatments enable the formation of active acid sites in an environment of nonrestricted microporous channels with simultaneous enhancement of accessibility of the active sites and molecular transport. It is shown that the micromesoporous structure with high concentration of Brønsted sites of enhanced accessibility directs the hydroisomerization reaction toward high yields of branched isomers and shortening of the main 12-ring channels and that the larger numbers of channel openings result in an increase in selectivity, limiting nonselective subsequent cracking reactions.

Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.7b01696

DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01696