3 years ago

# Onset of a modulational instability in trapped dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates.

Matthias Schmitt, Matthias Wenzel, Tilman Pfau, Fabian Böttcher, Igor Ferrier-Barbut

We explore the phase diagram of a finite-sized dysprosium dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate in a cylindrical harmonic trap. We monitor the final state after the scattering length is lowered from the repulsive BEC regime to the quantum droplet regime. Either an adiabatic transformation between a BEC and a quantum droplet is obtained or, above a critical trap aspect ratio $\lambda_{\rm c}=1.87(14)$, a modulational instability results in the formation of multiple droplets. This is in full agreement with the predicted structure of the phase diagram with a crossover region below $\lambda_{\rm c}$ and a multistable region above. Our results provide the missing piece connecting the previously explored regimes resulting in a single or multiple dipolar quantum droplets.

Publisher URL: http://arxiv.org/abs/1711.07275

DOI: arXiv:1711.07275v3

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