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4 years ago

Controlling Plasmon-Enhanced Fluorescence via Intersystem Crossing in Photoswitchable Molecules

Controlling Plasmon-Enhanced Fluorescence via Intersystem Crossing in Photoswitchable Molecules
Jeremy W. Jarrett, Gyeong S. Hwang, Leonardo Scarabelli, Evan P. Perillo, Bharath Bangalore Rajeeva, Yuebing Zheng, Luis M. Liz-Marzán, Andrew K. Dunn, Zilong Wu, Gregory Hartmann, Mingsong Wang
By harnessing photoswitchable intersystem crossing (ISC) in spiropyran (SP) molecules, active control of plasmon-enhanced fluorescence in the hybrid systems of SP molecules and plasmonic nanostructures is achieved. Specifically, SP-derived merocyanine (MC) molecules formed by photochemical ring-opening reaction display efficient ISC due to their zwitterionic character. In contrast, ISC in quinoidal MC molecules formed by thermal ring-opening reaction is negligible. The high ISC rate can improve fluorescence quantum yield of the plasmon-modified spontaneous emission, only when the plasmonic electromagnetic field enhancement is sufficiently high. Along this line, extensive photomodulation of fluorescence is demonstrated by switching the ISC in MC molecules at Au nanoparticle aggregates, where strongly enhanced plasmonic hot spots exist. The ISC-mediated plasmon-enhanced fluorescence represents a new approach toward controlling the spontaneous emission of fluorophores near plasmonic nanostructures, which expands the applications of active molecular plasmonics in information processing, biosensing, and bioimaging. The effect of intersystem crossing (ISC) as a nonradiative decay channel on plasmon-enhanced fluorescence is unknown, although plasmon-enhanced fluorescence is explored intensely. ISC can strongly influence the plasmon-enhanced fluorescence when the plasmonic enhancement of electromagnetic fields is large. The ISC-mediated plasmon-enhanced fluorescence expands the applications of active molecular plasmonics in information processing, biosensing, and bioimaging.

Publisher URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi

DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701763

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