Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research
5 years ago

Rates of CO2 Mineralization in Geological Carbon Storage

Rates of CO2 Mineralization in Geological Carbon Storage
Donald J. DePaolo, Shuo Zhang
Geologic carbon storage (GCS) involves capture and purification of CO2 at industrial emission sources, compression into a supercritical state, and subsequent injection into geologic formations. This process reverses the flow of carbon to the atmosphere with the intention of returning the carbon to long-term geologic storage. Models suggest that most of the injected CO2 will be “trapped” in the subsurface by physical means, but the most risk-free and permanent form of carbon storage is as carbonate minerals (Ca,Mg,Fe)CO3. The transformation of CO2 to carbonate minerals requires supply of the necessary divalent cations by dissolution of silicate minerals. Available data suggest that rates of transformation are highly uncertain and difficult to predict by standard approaches. Here we show that the chemical kinetic observations and experimental results, when they can be reduced to a single cation-release time scale that describes the fractional rate at which cations are released to solution by mineral dissolution, show sufficiently systematic behavior as a function of pH, fluid flow rate, and time that the rates of mineralization can be estimated with reasonable certainty.

Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00334

DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00334

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