bioRxiv Biochemistry
bioRxiv Biochemistry
5 years ago

On the Structure and Mechanism of Two-Pore Channels

Stroud, Kintzer, R., A. F.
In eukaryotes, two-pore channels (TPC1-3) comprise a family of ion channels that regulate the conductance of Na+ and Ca2+ ions across cellular membranes. TPC1-3 form endolysosomal channels, but TPC3 can also function in the plasma membrane. TPC1/3 are voltage-gated channels, but TPC2 opens in response to binding endolysosome-specific lipid phosphatidylinositol-3,5-diphosphate (PI(3,5)P2). Filoviruses, such as Ebola, exploit TPC-mediated ion release as a means of escape from the endolysosome during infection. Antagonists that block TPC1/2 channel conductance abrogate filoviral infections. TPC1/2 form complexes with the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) at the endolysosomal surface that couple cellular metabolic state and cytosolic nutrient concentrations to the control of membrane potential and pH. We determined the X-ray structure of TPC1 from Arabidopsis Thaliana (AtTPC1) to 2.87 Angstrom resolution -- one of the two first reports of a TPC channel structure. Here we summarize these findings and the implications that the structure may have for understanding endolysosomal control mechanisms and their role in human health.

Publisher URL: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/181578v1

DOI: 10.1101/181578

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