F1000Research
F1000Research
4 years ago

Protein clustering for cell polarity: Par-3 as a paradigm [version 1; referees: 3 approved]

Tony J. C. Harris
The scaffold protein Par-3 (Drosophila Bazooka) is a central organizer of cell polarity across animals. This review focuses on how the clustering of Par-3 contributes to cell polarity. It begins with the Par-3 homo-oligomerization mechanism and its regulation by Par-1 phosphorylation. The role of polarized cytoskeletal networks in distributing Par-3 clusters to one end of the cell is then discussed, as is the subsequent maintenance of polarized Par-3 clusters through hindered mobility and inhibition from the opposite pole. Finally, specific roles of Par-3 clusters are reviewed, including the bundling of microtubules, the cortical docking of centrosomes, the growth and positioning of cadherin–catenin clusters, and the inhibition of the Par-6–aPKC kinase cassette. Examples are drawn from Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans, mammalian cell culture, and biochemical studies.

Publisher URL: https://f1000research.com/articles/6-1620/v1

DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11976.1

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