American Journal of Cardiology
American Journal of Cardiology
5 years ago

Predictors of Prognosis in Light-Chain Amyloidosis and Chronological Changes in Cardiac Morphology and Function

Immune light-chain (AL) amyloidosis with cardiac involvement is associated with a high mortality despite improved therapeutic regimens, but there are few reports on prognostic predictors and chronological changes in cardiac morphology and function. Prognosis and its predictors were evaluated in 36 consecutive patients with cardiac AL amyloidosis. Chronological changes in cardiac morphology and function were also evaluated. Median follow-up period was 0.95 years. Median survival time and 3-year death-free rate after diagnosis in all-cause and cardiac death were 0.85 and 1.06 years and 26 and 36%, respectively. Differences in median survival time due to left ventricular (LV) wall thickness at diagnosis were not evident. Being female and diastolic wall strain (DWS), as a measure of diastolic stiffness, were independent predictors of all-cause death in multivariable analysis. ROC analysis revealed that a DWS cutoff value of 0.189 had a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 72% for predicting all-cause death within 1 year after diagnosis (AUC=0.726). LV size and stroke volume decreased and DWS worsened during the short-term follow-up period in patients who died within 1 year compared with patients who were alive after 1 year. The prognosis for patients with cardiac AL amyloidosis was poor, and DWS may be a significant predictor of prognosis. Narrowing of the LV cavity and progressive diastolic dysfunction were evident in patients with a poor prognosis.

Publisher URL: www.sciencedirect.com/science

DOI: S0002914917313942

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