Nepafenac 0.3% after Cataract Surgery in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy

4 years ago

Nepafenac 0.3% after Cataract Surgery in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy

To demonstrate the efficacy and safety of once-daily nepafenac 0.3% ophthalmic suspension versus vehicle, based on clinical outcomes, after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes.

Design

Two prospective, randomized, multicenter, double-masked, vehicle-controlled phase 3 studies.

Participants

Total, 615 patients in study 1 and 605 patients in study 2.

Methods

Patients were randomized (1:1) to topical nepafenac 0.3% or vehicle once-daily starting the day before surgery and continuing for 90 days thereafter.

Main Outcome Measures

Key efficacy variables were: patients (%) in whom macular edema (ME) developed (≥30% increase from preoperative baseline central subfield macular thickness) within 90 days after cataract surgery and the patients (%) with a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improvement of ≥15 letters from preoperative baseline through day 14 maintained through day 90. Secondary end points included: patients (%) with a BCVA improvement of ≥15 letters from preoperative baseline through days 90 and 60 and safety over 3 months.

Results

A significantly lower percentage of patients demonstrated ME within 90 days after surgery with nepafenac 0.3% versus vehicle (study 1: 2.3% vs. 17.3%; P < 0.001; study 2: 5.9% vs. 14.3%; P = 0.001; pooled: 4.1% vs. 15.9%; P < 0.001). The percentage of patients achieving a ≥15-letter improvement from baseline through day 14 maintained through day 90 with nepafenac 0.3% versus vehicle was 61.7% versus 43.0% (P < 0.001) in study 1, 48.8% versus 50.5% (P = 0.671) in study 2, and 55.4% versus 46.7% (P = 0.003) in the pooled analysis. A greater percentage of patients treated with nepafenac 0.3% versus vehicle in study 1 and similar percentage in study 2 had a BCVA improvement of ≥15 letters from preoperative baseline through day 90 (77.2% vs. 67.7% [P = 0.009] and 65.4% vs. 65.9% [P = 0.888]) and through day 60 (76.2% vs. 64.7% [P = 0.002] and 68.9% vs. 62.1% [P = 0.092]). No unanticipated adverse events were observed.

Conclusions

These studies demonstrated the clinical benefits of nepafenac 0.3% over vehicle in reducing the risk of postoperative ME, with the integrated analysis showing improved BCVA after cataract surgery in patients with diabetic retinopathy, with no unanticipated safety events.

Publisher URL: www.sciencedirect.com/science

DOI: S0161642016314117