European Journal of Immunology
European Journal of Immunology
5 years ago

Typical antimicrobials induce mast cell degranulation and anaphylactoid reactions via MRGPRX2 and its murine homologue MRGPRB2

Typical antimicrobials induce mast cell degranulation and anaphylactoid reactions via MRGPRX2 and its murine homologue MRGPRB2
Nan Wang, Xinzhong Dong, Liu Yang, Delu Che, Rui Liu, Tao Zhang, Priyanka Pundir, Jiao Cao, Yingzhuan Zhan, Meiwen Ding, Jue Wang, Yanni Lv, Langchong He, Shengli Han
Mast cells are unique immune cells that function as sentinels in host defence reactions, including immediate hypersensitivity responses and allergic responses. The mast cell-specific receptor named MAS-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) triggers mast-cell degranulation, a key process in anaphylactoid reactions. It is widely observed that antimicrobials can induce pseudo-allergic reactions (i.e. IgE-independent mechanism) with symptoms ranging from skin inflammation to life-threatening systemic anaphylaxis. However, their direct involvement and the mechanisms underlying anaphylactoid reactions caused by antimicrobials have not been demonstrated. Structurally different antimicrobials were screened by Ca2+ imaging using MRGPRX2 overexpressing HEK293 cells. MRGPRX2 related anaphylactoid reactions induced by these components were investigated by body temperature drop and mast cell degranulation assays. We showed that MRGPRX2 is involved in allergic-like reactions to three types of antimicrobials in a dose-dependent manner. However, mast cells lacking the receptor show reduced degranulation. Furthermore, mice without MAS-related G protein-coupled receptor B2 (the orthologous gene of MRGPRX2) exhibited reduced substance-induced inflammation. Interestingly, β-lactam and antiviral nucleoside analogues did not induce anaphylactic reactions, which were also observed in vitro. These results should alarm many clinicians that such drugs might induce anaphylactoid reactions and provide guidance on safe dosage of these drugs. MRGPRX2/B2 mediated drug anaphylactoid reaction of five types of antimicrobials were screened and analysed in vivo and in vitro. We implicate that agents containing nitrogen atom easily protonated is the key characteristics for activation of the receptors. These results provide insight into antimicrobial induced anaphylactoid reactions.

Publisher URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi

DOI: 10.1002/eji.201746951

You might also like
Discover & Discuss Important Research

Keeping up-to-date with research can feel impossible, with papers being published faster than you'll ever be able to read them. That's where Researcher comes in: we're simplifying discovery and making important discussions happen. With over 19,000 sources, including peer-reviewed journals, preprints, blogs, universities, podcasts and Live events across 10 research areas, you'll never miss what's important to you. It's like social media, but better. Oh, and we should mention - it's free.

  • Download from Google Play
  • Download from App Store
  • Download from AppInChina

Researcher displays publicly available abstracts and doesn’t host any full article content. If the content is open access, we will direct clicks from the abstracts to the publisher website and display the PDF copy on our platform. Clicks to view the full text will be directed to the publisher website, where only users with subscriptions or access through their institution are able to view the full article.