Molecular Nutrition and Food Research
Molecular Nutrition and Food Research
5 years ago

Demonstration of the utility of biomarkers for dietary intake assessment; proline betaine as an example

Demonstration of the utility of biomarkers for dietary intake assessment; proline betaine as an example
Breige A. McNulty, Gary Frost, Charlotte J. R. Michielsen, Lorraine Brennan, Michael J. Gibney, Janette Walton, Milena Rundle, Helena Gibbons, Albert Flynn, Anne P. Nugent
Scope There is a dearth of studies demonstrating the use of dietary biomarkers for determination of food intake. The objective of this study was to develop calibration curves for use in quantifying citrus intakes in an independent cohort. Methods and results Participants (n = 50) from the NutriTech food-intake study consumed standardized breakfasts for three consecutive days over three consecutive weeks. Orange juice intake decreased over the weeks. Urine samples were analyzed by NMR-spectroscopy and proline betaine was quantified and normalized to osmolality. Calibration curves were developed and used to predict citrus intake in an independent cohort; the Irish National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS) (n = 565). Proline betaine displayed a dose-response relationship to orange juice intake in 24 h and fasting samples (p < 0.001). In a test set, predicted orange juice intakes displayed excellent agreement with true intake. There were significant associations between predicted intake measured in 24 h and fasting samples and true intake (r = 0.710–0.919). Citrus intakes predicted for the NANS cohort demonstrated good agreement with self-reported intake and this agreement improved following normalization to osmolality. Conclusion The developed calibration curves successfully predicted citrus intakes in an independent cohort. Expansion of this approach to other foods will be important for the development of objective intake measurements. The application of metabolomics in the discovery of dietary biomarkers has advanced proving to be a valuable tool. However, a majority of the present studies have not demonstrated dose–response relationships between dietary biomarkers and food intake. Furthermore, clear examples of how such biomarkers can be used for assessment of dietary intake are lacking. The present study uses as an example, proline betaine, a biomarker of citrus intake, to successfully demonstrate how this metabolomics derived biomarker can be used to estimate citrus intakes.

Publisher URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/resolve/doi

DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700037

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