Modulation of Neuroinflammation by Low-dose Radiation Therapy in an Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Background
Recently, several studies have reported that low dose radiation therapy (RT) reduces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in inflammatory-degenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is the most common cause of dementia, and neuroinflammation is one of the major contributing factors in AD pathogenesis. Thus, low dose RT is expected to be used clinically for treating AD. However, the proper doses, effects, and underlying mechanisms of RT in AD have not been determined. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to determine the appropriate RT dose and schedule for AD treatment, and to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of low-dose RT in AD.
Methods
We first determined the proper dose and schedule of RT in late stage AD using 8–9-month old 5x familial AD(5xFAD) mice, a well-known animal model of AD, by comparing the effects of a low total dose with a low dose per fraction (LD-LDRT, 5 × 0.6 Gy) and a low-moderate total dose with a conventional dose per fraction (LMD-CDRT, 5 × 2 Gy).
Results
LD-LDRT and LMD-CDRT were found to reduce the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, i.e. CD54, IL-3, CXCL9/10, and CCL2/4 in the hippocampus of 5xFAD mice. Further, increased microgliosis assessed with Iba-1 was significantly reduced by LD-LDRT in the hippocampus of 5xFAD mice. Moreover, LD-LDRT and LMD-CDRT decreased the amyloid plaque burden in 5xFAD mice and attenuated their cognitive impairment; these effects persisted for nearly one month.
Conclusions
The present study showed that LD-LDRT rescues cognitive impairment and prevents accumulation of amyloid plaques by regulating neuroinflammation in the late stage of AD, with an efficacy equivalent to that of LMD-CDRT. Furthermore, it suggests that LD-LDRT may facilitate accessible and convenient treatment in clinical trials compared to LMD-CDRT.
Publisher URL: https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-74941/latest
DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-74941/v1
Keeping up-to-date with research can feel impossible, with papers being published faster than you'll ever be able to read them. That's where Researcher comes in: we're simplifying discovery and making important discussions happen. With over 19,000 sources, including peer-reviewed journals, preprints, blogs, universities, podcasts and Live events across 10 research areas, you'll never miss what's important to you. It's like social media, but better. Oh, and we should mention - it's free.
Researcher displays publicly available abstracts and doesn’t host any full article content. If the content is open access, we will direct clicks from the abstracts to the publisher website and display the PDF copy on our platform. Clicks to view the full text will be directed to the publisher website, where only users with subscriptions or access through their institution are able to view the full article.