Control of Cardiac Mitochondrial Fuel Selection by Calcium

4 years ago

Control of Cardiac Mitochondrial Fuel Selection by Calcium

Beard, S. M., Dash, D. A., R. K., S. K., Kandel, Dasika

Calcium ion concentration modulates the function of several mitochondrial enzymes. Specifically, the kinetic operations of the decarboxylating dehydrogenases pyruvate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase are all affected by [Ca2+]. Previous studies have shown that, despite its ability to affect the function of specific dehydrogenases, [Ca2+] does not substantially alter mitochondrial ATP synthesis in vitro or in vivo in the heart. We hypothesize that, rather than contributing to respiratory control, [Ca2+] plays a role in contributing to fuel selection. Specifically, cardiac mitochondria are able to use different primary carbon substrates (carbohydrates, fatty acids, and ketones) to synthesize ATP aerobically in the living cells. To determine if and how [Ca2+] affects the relative use of carbohydrates versus fatty acids in vitro we measured oxygen consumption and TCA cycle intermediate concentrations in suspensions of cardiac mitochondria with different combinations of pyruvate and palmitoyl-L-carnitine in the media at various [Ca2+] and ADP infusion rates. Stoichiometric analysis of the data reveals that when both fatty acid and carbohydrate substrates are available, fuel selection is sensitive to both the rate of ADP infusion and to the calcium concentration. Under low-ATP demand conditions and with zero added Ca2+, {beta}-oxidation provides roughly 70% of acetyl-CoA for the citrate synthase reaction, with the rest coming from the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction. With increasing both the rate of oxidative ATP synthesis and [Ca2+], the fuel utilization ratio shifts to increased fractional consumption of pyruvate. The effects of ATP synthesis rate and [Ca2+] are shown to be interdependent.

Publisher URL: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/198895v1

DOI: 10.1101/198895